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VOLUME 30, ISSUE 07

Interpretation of Normalized Spectral Heart Rate Variability Indices In Sleep Research: A Critical Review

Robert L. Burr, MSEE, PhD

University of Washington, Seattle, WA

VOLUME 30, ISSUE 07

Reliability of Sleep EEG Measures: A Comment on Van Dongen et al. 821.
Irwin Feinberg, M.D.; Ian G. Campbell, Ph.D.

Characterization of REM-Sleep Associated Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital Waves in the Human Pons. 823-827.
Andrew S. Lim, MD¹; Andres M. Lozano, MD, PhD²; Elena Moro, MD, PhD¹; Clement Hamani, MD, PhD²; William D. Hutchison, PhD^2,3; Jonathan O. Dostrovsky, PhD^2,3; Anthony E. Lang, MD¹; Richard A. Wennberg, MD¹; Brian J. Murray, MD¹

Changes in REM-Sleep Percentage Over the Adult Lifespan. 829-836.
Judith A. Floyd, PhD¹; James J. Janisse, PhD²; Elizabeth S. Jenuwine, PhD¹; Joel W. Ager, PhD²

Relationship Between Rem Density, Duty Cycle, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children. 837-843.
Laurie Karamessinis, RPFT¹; Patricia Galster, RPSGT; Brian Schultz, RPSGT¹; Joanne Elliott, RPSGT¹; Thornton A. Mason II, MD, MSCE, PhD¹; Lee J. Brooks, MD¹; Paul R. Gallagher, MA²; Carole L. Marcus, MBBCh¹

REM Sleep Characteristics in Narcolepsy and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. 844-849.
Yves Dauvilliers, MD, PhD¹; Sylvie Rompré²; Jean-François Gagnon, PhD²; Mélanie Vendette, BSc²; Dominique Petit, PhD²; Jacques Montplaisir, MD, PhD²

The Familial Risk and HLA Susceptibility among Narcolepsy Patients in Hong Kong Chinese. 851-858.
Lei Chen, MSc¹; S.Y.Y. Fong, MRCPsych, FHKAM (Psych)¹; Ching W. Lam, FHKAM(Pathology), PhD²; Nelson L.S. Tang, FRCPA²; Margaret H. L. Ng, MD, FRCPath³; Albert M. Li, MRCP, FHKAM (Paed)⁴; C.K.W. Ho, RPSGT¹; Suk-Hang Cheng, PhD³; Kin-Mang Lau, PhD³; Yun Kwok Wing, FRCPsych, FHKAM (Psych)¹*.

Polysomnography Findings in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome and in Healthy Controls: A Comparative Observational Study. 861-865.
Magdolna Hornyak, MD; Bernd Feige, PhD; Ulrich Voderholzer, MD; Alexandra Philipsen, MD; Dieter Riemann, PhD

Association of Restless Legs Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study. 866-871.
Giovanni Merlino, MD¹; Lara Fratticci, MD¹; Mariarosaria Valente, MD^1,3; Angela Del Giudice MD¹; Claudio Noacco MD²; Pierluigi Dolso, MD¹; Iacopo Cancelli, MD¹; Anna Scalise, MD, PhD¹; Gian Luigi Gigli, MD^1,3

Chronic Insomnia as a Risk Factor for Developing Anxiety and Depression. 873-880.
Dag Neckelmann MD, PhD¹; Arnstein Mykletun, PhD²; Alv A. Dahl MD, PhD³

Insomnia Associated with Valerian and Melatonin Usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. 881-884.
Donald L. Bliwise, PhD; Farzaneh Pour Ansari, MA

Pulse Transit Time and Blood Pressure Changes Following Auditory-Evoked Subcortical Arousal and Waking of Infants. 891-897.
Barbara C. Galland, PhD; Evan Tan, BSc Hons; Barry J. Taylor, MBChB, FRACP

Sleep Estimation Using Wrist Actigraphy in Adolescents With and Without Sleep Disordered Breathing: A Comparison of Three Data Modes. 899-905.
Nathan L. Johnson, MS¹; H. Lester Kirchner, PhD¹; Carol L. Rosen, MD¹; Amy Storfer-Isser, MS²; Lydia N. Cartar, MA¹;Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD³;Judy L. Emancipator, MA¹; Anna Marie Kibler, MPH¹; Susan Redline, MD, MPH¹

Human Thalamic and Cortical Activities Assessed by Dimension of Activation and Spectral Edge Frequency During Sleep Wake Cycles. 907-912.
Marc Rey, MD, PhD¹; Hélène Bastuji, MD, PhD²; Luis Garcia-Larrea, MD, PhD²; Philippe Guillemant, PhD³; François Mauguière, MD, PhD⁴; Michel Magnin PhD²

Interpretation of Normalized Spectral Heart Rate Variability Indices In Sleep Research: A Critical Review. 913-919.
Robert L. Burr, MSEE, PhD

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated With Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion. 923-929.
Michael D. Faulx, MD¹; Amy Storfer-Isser, MS²; H Lester Kirchner, PhD²; Nancy S. Jenny, PhD³; Russell P. Tracy, PhD^3,4; Susan Redline, MD, MPH²

Rat Model of Chronic Recurrent Airway Obstructions to Study the Sleep Apnea Syndrome. 930-933.
Ramon Farré PhD^1,5; Maria Nácher BSc²; Anna Serrano-Mollar PhD³; Juan B Gáldiz MD⁴; Francisco J Alvarez PhD⁴; Daniel Navajas PhD^1,5; Josep M. Montserrat MD²

Review of Sleep Disorders: Their Impact on Public Health
Edited by Damien Léger and SR Pandi-Perumal, Informa Healthcare, 2007. 934.
Sean P.A. Drummond, PhD

Two in Bed: the Social System of Couple Bed Sharing
by Paul C. Rosenblatt, State University of New York Press: Albany, NY; 2006. 935-936.
Rachel Manber, PhD

Table of Contents

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The normalized spectral heart rate variability (HRV) measures low-frequency (LF)nu and high-frequency (HF)nu are frequently used in contemporary sleep research studies to quantify modulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system. The purpose of this tutorial and methodologic critique is to concisely demonstrate the structural algebraic redundancy inherent in the normalized spectral HRV measures with respect to each other, and also with respect to the well-known HRV index of sympathovagal balance, LF:HF ratio. The statistical problems and interpretational paradoxes related to the mathematical definitions of LFnu and HFnu are briefly outlined. Examples of use of normalized spectral HRV measures in recent articles from the sleep-relevant research literature are critically reviewed. LFnu, HFnu, and LF:HF ratio should be considered equivalent carriers of information about sympathovagal balance.

VOLUME 30, ISSUE 07

Reliability of Sleep EEG Measures: A Comment on Van Dongen et al. 821.
Irwin Feinberg, M.D.; Ian G. Campbell, Ph.D.

Changes in REM-Sleep Percentage Over the Adult Lifespan. 829-836.
Judith A. Floyd, PhD¹; James J. Janisse, PhD²; Elizabeth S. Jenuwine, PhD¹; Joel W. Ager, PhD²

Chronic Insomnia as a Risk Factor for Developing Anxiety and Depression. 873-880.
Dag Neckelmann MD, PhD¹; Arnstein Mykletun, PhD²; Alv A. Dahl MD, PhD³

Insomnia Associated with Valerian and Melatonin Usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. 881-884.
Donald L. Bliwise, PhD; Farzaneh Pour Ansari, MA

Pulse Transit Time and Blood Pressure Changes Following Auditory-Evoked Subcortical Arousal and Waking of Infants. 891-897.
Barbara C. Galland, PhD; Evan Tan, BSc Hons; Barry J. Taylor, MBChB, FRACP

Interpretation of Normalized Spectral Heart Rate Variability Indices In Sleep Research: A Critical Review. 913-919.
Robert L. Burr, MSEE, PhD

Review of Sleep Disorders: Their Impact on Public Health
Edited by Damien Léger and SR Pandi-Perumal, Informa Healthcare, 2007. 934.
Sean P.A. Drummond, PhD

Two in Bed: the Social System of Couple Bed Sharing
by Paul C. Rosenblatt, State University of New York Press: Albany, NY; 2006. 935-936.
Rachel Manber, PhD

Table of Contents

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